S. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access
S. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access write-up distributed beneath the terms and circumstances of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( creativecommons/licenses/by/ 4.0/).Molecules 2021, 26, 6199. doi/10.3390/moleculesmdpi.com/journal/moleculesMolecules 2021, 26,2 ofThe testing of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs is currently in course of action. Having said that, despite unprecedented study efforts, effective targeted therapies (which could deliver a long-term answer to COVID-19) have still not been identified. Computer-aided drug discovery (CADD) methodologies have been broadly employed through the previous decade and are a effective tool to study protein-drug and protein-protein interactions. In recent developments, CADD methodologies are getting employed as a key resource for drug discovery to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic [7]. Cava et al. have identified prospective drug candidates that could impact the spread of COVID-19, including: nimesulide, fluticasone propionate, and thiabendazole. Cava et al. used in SIRT1 Modulator Source silico gene-expression profiling to study the mechanisms of the ACE2 and its co-expressed genes [10]. Wang et al. carried out virtual screening of authorized drugs in conjunction with those which can be in clinical trials to recognize drug candidates against 3CLpro [11]. Liang et al., employed molecular dynamics simulation to reveal the binding stability of an -ketoamide inhibitor inside the SARS-CoV-2 primary protease (Mpro ) [12]. Gaud cio and Florbela applied CADD methodologies to screen natural marine goods to identify effective ligands with SARS-CoV-2 most important protease (Mpro ) with inhibiting potential [13]. An additional prospective method is drug repurposing, which contains the screening of pre-existing drug compounds with anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties, which can be followed by target identification and functional and structural characterization of any targeted enzymes. Lastly, just after effective screening and characterization, clinical trials can commence. In addition towards the drug molecules, you can find reports on applications of nanomaterials, for instance metal-based, two-dimensional, and colloidal nanoparticles and nanomicelles, for antiviral and virus sensing applications [147]. Despite their compact size and selective nature, nanoparticles have proved to be productive against wide selection of pathogens, which includes bacteria and viruses. Having said that, some metal-based nanoparticles have also been reported to have non-specific bacterial toxicity mechanisms, thereby minimizing the probabilities of creating resistance also as expanding the spectrum of antimicrobial activity [18]. Even though the interest in designing nanomaterial-based, non-traditional drugs is expanding, more advanced research is essential to uncover their full potentials for getting regarded as as promising agents against SARS-CoV-2. To date, no specialized drugs are obtainable available on the market to cure COVID-19. More than recent years, the triazole group-based ligands have attracted the interest of your scientific neighborhood as a result of their comprehensive and multipurpose medicinal applications. Reports happen to be published stating that this group of ligands have possible antiviral, NPY Y5 receptor Antagonist Synonyms antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory applications. Furthermore, owing towards the nature of their chemical properties, this group of ligands is often very easily synthesized [191]. The triazole group-based ligands could possibly be a potential drug-candidate for use against the SARSCoV-2 virus [22,23]. Efforts to create efficient therapeutic tactics a.